Causas de la FA

risk factors

La fibrilación auricular se desarrolla como resultado de cambios estructurales en el corazón. Las causas de la FA no siempre son claras y pueden ser complejas.1

Las posibles causas de la fibrilación auricular son muy variadas, como enfermedades cardíacas, edad, antecedentes familiares, presión arterial alta, consumo de alcohol, obesidad y otras afecciones crónicas; todos estos factores pueden aumentar su riesgo de desarrollar FA.1
 

Otras afecciones crónicas

Factores del estilo de vida

Otros factores (factores no modificables)

  • Arteria coronaria y otras enfermedades del corazón3
  • Diabetes5,6
  • Insuficiencia cardiaca3,7,8,9,10,11
  • Presión arterial alta12
  • Antecedentes de ataque cardiaco3,13
  • Cirugía previa14,15
  • Respiración desordenada del sueño (Por ejemplo, apnea obstructive del sueño)5,16
  • Nivel de actividad17,1,5
  • Consumo de alcohol1,5,18
  • Obesidad2,4,19,5
  • Riesgos por enfermedades cardiovasculares: tabaquismo, estrés, cafeína y otros estimulantes.1
  • Defectos cardiacos congénitos6
  • Antecedentes familiares u otros factores genéticos3,20,21
  • Sexo masculino1,3,22 – Los hombres tienen un 13% más de probabilidades de verse afectados por la FA durante su vida que las mujeres3
  • Edad avanzada(1,22)

 

¿Está en riesgo de padecer FA?

Referencias

1. Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, Ahlsson A, Atar D et al. (2016) 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J 37 (38): 2893-2962.
2. Naser N, Dilic M, Durak A, Kulic M, Pepic E et al. (2017) The Impact of Risk Factors and Comorbidities on The Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation. Mater Sociomed 29 (4): 231-236.
3. Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP, Larson MG, Levy D et al. (2004) Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 110 (9): 1042-104.
4. Allan V et al (2017) Are cardiovascular risk factors also associated with the incidence of atrial fibrillation? A systematic review and field synopsis of 23 factors in 32 population-based cohorts of 20 million participants. Thromb Haemost. May 3;117(5):837-850.
5.Boriani G, Proietti M (2017) Atrial fibrillation prevention: an appraisal of current evidence. Heart (0):1–6.
6. Andrade J, Khairy P, Dobrev D, Nattel S (2014) The clinical profile and pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation: relationships among clinical features, epidemiology, and mechanisms. Circ Res 114 (9): 1453-1468.
7. Zoni-Berisso M, Lercari F, Carazza T, Domenicucci S (2014) Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective. Clin Epidemiol 6 213-220.
8. Ziff OJ, Carter PR, McGowan J, Uppal H, Chandran S et al. (2018) The interplay between atrial fibrillation and heart failure on long-term mortality and length of stay: Insights from the, United Kingdom ACALM registry International Journal of Cardiology , Volume 252 , 117 - 121.
9. Batul SA, Gopinathannair (2017) Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure: a Therapeutic Challenge of Our Times Korean Circ J. 2017 Sep;47(5):644-662.
10. Masarone D, Limongelli G, Rubino M, Valente F, Vastarella R et al. (2017) Management of Arrhythmias in Heart Failure. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 4 (1): 
11. Wang TJ, Larson MG, Levy D, Vasan RS, Leip EP et al. (2003) Temporal relations of atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure and their joint influence on mortality: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 107 (23): 2920-2925.
12. Boriani G, Laroche C, Diemberger I, Fantecchi E, Popescu MI et al. (2015) Asymptomatic atrial fibrillation: clinical correlates, management, and outcomes in the EORP-AF Pilot General Registry. Am J Med 128 (5): 509-518 e502.
13. Violi F, Soliman EZ, Pignatelli P, Pastori D (2016) Atrial Fibrillation and Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Appraisal of Pathophysiologic Mechanisms. J Am Heart Assoc 5 (5).
14. Omae T, Inada E (2018) New-onset atrial fibrillation: an update. J Anesth Jun;32(3):414-424.
15. Chebbout R, Heywood EG, Drake TM, Wild JRL, Lee J et al. (2018) A systematic review of the incidence of and risk factors for postoperative atrial fibrillation following general surgery. Anaesthesia 73 (4): 490-498.
16. Marulanda-Londono E, Chaturvedi S (2017) The Interplay between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Atrial Fibrillation. Front Neurol 8:668.
17. Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim YH, Saad EB et al. (2017) 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 14 (10): e275-e444.
18. Ruigomez A, Johansson S, Wallander MA, Garcia Rodriguez LA (2005) Predictors and prognosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in general practice in the UK. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 5:20.
19. Nystrom PK, Carlsson AC, Leander K, de Faire U, Hellenius ML et al. (2015) Obesity, metabolic syndrome and risk of atrial fibrillation: a Swedish, prospective cohort study. PLoS One 10 (5): e0127111.
20. Paludan-Muller C, Svendsen JH, Olesen MS (2016) The role of common genetic variants in atrial fibrillation. J Electrocardiol 49 (6): 864-870.
21. Gundlund A, Fosbol EL, Kim S, Fonarow GC, Gersh BJ et al. (2016) Family history of atrial fibrillation is associated with earlier-onset and more symptomatic atrial fibrillation: Results from the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (ORBIT-AF) registry. Am Heart J 175 28-35.
22. Zulkifly H, Lip GYH, Lane DA (2018) Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation. Int J Clin Pract e13070;

Aviso: La información presentada aquí no tiene como propósito ser un consejo médico o que sea utilizado para diagnóstico o tratamiento médico. En caso de tener preguntas, favor de consultar con su médico.

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